Fabaceae: an upright annual herb grows to 20-50, which is unbranched or branched only at the base. Found in forest margins, fields and roadsides. The flowers are produced throughout the spring and summer, are a rich red or crimson, congested on an elongated spike inflorescence 3-5cm tall and 1.5cm broad. Blooming from May to September. The leaves are trifoliate with a long petiole, each leaflet hairy, 8-16mm across. Native to most of Europe. Also found near the Lizard peninsula in Cornwall.
The seeds can be sprouted and eaten in salads. They can also be dried and ground into a nutritious flour. The dried flower heads are a tea substitute.
Used as a green manure. It is relatively fast growing, makes an excellent weed suppressing cover and fixes nitrogen. It is also used with grass seed mixes in soil reclamation projects.
Pre-soak the seed for 12 hours in warm water and then sow in spring to early summer in situ. The seed can also be sown in early autumn as a winter green manure. Succeeds in a moist, well-drained soil in full sun, also succeeding in poor soils.